文章：Two's company, Three's a crowd: A case study of crowdsouring software development

Howe presented the following definition [42]:

Crowdsourcing is the act of taking a job traditionally performed
by a designated agent (usually an employee) and outsourcing it to
an undefined, generally large group of people in the form of an
open call.

six key concerns of crowdsourcing related with software development context:

• Task decomposition

  software
  

  development tasks are more complex and interdependent. Therefore, a key challenge is to find an appropriate decomposition of the software product into tasks that can be effectively crowdsourced [57].

  Tajedin and Nevo \[78\] suggested that projects which can be
  

  decomposed into small modules with clear requirements and limited interdependencies are more likely to succeed.

• coordination and communication

coordination is specifically concerned with communication, interdependencies and integrating various parts into a whole [53, 57].

In fact, interdependent tasks may be performed by different workers, potentially causing incompatibilities between the solutions provided [57].

• planning and scheduling

• quality assurance
• knowledge and intellectual property
• motivation and remuneration